Certain painters as early as c.1430 used "lenses"Ñrefractive lenses or concave mirrors to aid them in creating portions of certain of their paintings. Within those paintings we have studied that show evidence of the use of lenses, every optical artifact we have identified is consistent with having resulted from the use of lenses to project portions of the images. Where sufficient details exist to allow us to extract quantitative information (e.g., of focal length or lens diameter), the values we determined are not only reasonable, they have allowed us to quantitatively reproduce the observed effects photographically. Further, we have found no features that are inconsistent with the use of optics (e.g., something that implied, say, an unrealistically short or long value for a focal length).

A lens isn't merely the simplest explanation for the discoveries reported in, it is the explanation that accounts quantitatively and qualitatively for everything that we have discovered. Rather than invoking separate ad hoc reasons for each distinct optical artifact we have identified, or using the opaque shroud of "artistic genius" as a substitute for comprehension of any of this, we emphasize again that all the optical evidence we have discovered is explained by the properties of concave mirrors and lenses. Wide new areas of inquiry are now open to pursue the implications of these discoveries. BOTTOM LINE.. EVEN THE MASTERS CHEATED!AND TO PUT IT BLUNTLY, LIFE IS A GAME!